What’s the Difference Between SSDI and SSI?

Binder & Binder® Can Help

When most people think of Social Security, they picture retirement benefits. But Social Security also provides critical support to individuals who are unable to work due to a disability. These benefits are delivered through two separate programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)—which we refer to as SSD—and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). While they’re both designed to help disabled individuals, the programs differ in important ways.

SSD was created in 1956 to help people who paid into the system through FICA taxes but became disabled before reaching retirement age. It’s part of Title II of the Social Security Act and serves as a safety net for working Americans who can no longer work due to a serious medical condition. On the other hand, SSI, established in 1972 under Title XVI, supports disabled individuals with very limited income and resources—even if they have never worked.

The key difference? SSD is based on your work history and how much you’ve paid into Social Security, while SSI is a needs-based program for individuals who meet strict financial requirements. You may even qualify for both.

There are also differences in health coverage. SSD recipients become eligible for Medicare, which is widely accepted and offers broad access to care. SSI recipients receive Medicaid, which provides comprehensive services but is less commonly accepted by private doctors due to lower reimbursement rates.

Because SSD usually offers higher monthly payments and more robust benefits, Binder & Binder® always explores SSD eligibility first. Unfortunately, the government often defaults to SSI, especially if it means saving the Social Security trust fund. But with the right legal guidance—and some persistence—it’s often possible to prove SSD eligibility and secure the benefits you’ve earned through years of hard work.